Contextual anomaly detection in crowded surveillance scenes

AbstractThis work addresses the problem of detecting human behavioural anomalies in crowded surveillance environments. We focus in particular on the problem of detecting subtle anomalies in a behaviourally heterogeneous surveillance scene. To reach this goal we implement a novel unsupervised context-aware process. We propose and evaluate a method of utilising social context and scene context to improve behaviour analysis. We find that in a crowded scene the application of Mutual Information based social context permits the ability to prevent self-justifying groups and propagate anomalies in a social network, granting a greater anomaly detection capability. Scene context uniformly improves the detection of anomalies in both datasets. The strength of our contextual features is demonstrated by the detection of subtly abnormal behaviours, which otherwise remain indistinguishable from normal behaviour

The Emergent Middle Classes in Timor-Leste and Melanesia: Conceptual Issues and Developmental Significance

The emergence of a middle class has been identified as an important factor driving economic and political transitions in Asia and Africa. Class has been 'happening' in the broader Pacific region1 for some time, as Gewertz and Errington (1999:2) observed of Papua New Guinea (PNG). Nevertheless, to date, little systematic policy attention has been given to questions of class. We believe that the concept of an emerging middle class provides a useful entry point for understanding significant developmental and political transformations in Timor-Leste and Melanesia and is important for informing development policies. However, in order to explore the potential consequences that an emergent middle class may have, it is necessary to first consider how such a class can be identified in the region. We have chosen to focus on Timor-Leste, PNG and Solomon Islands because these countries are undergoing comparable social and economic transitions, many of which correlate strongly with the emergence of a middle class. Such changes include rapid economic growth driven by resource booms in Timor-Leste and PNG, associated formalisation of regional economies, deepening urbanisation, increasing social integration with metropolitan powers through growing diaspora communities, changing consumption patterns, and the transformative impacts of social media following recent internet and mobile telephone penetration. This paper has three substantive sections. First, it considers contemporary discussions of class and development in Asia and other developing regions. Second, the paper develops a multidimensional framework for identifying an emergent middle class, drawing on a range of economic, political and social criteria. Finally, the paper uses these criteria to examine recent developments in each of three case study countries and then draws some conclusions on the developmental and political significance of an emergent middle class in the broader Pacific region with a view to establishing a longer term research agenda.AusAI

Breast cancer detection using microwave holography

Breast cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer in women. X-ray mammography is the most widely used technique for early detection but has limitations. In this paper, an alternative approach for breast cancer detection using microwave imaging is presented. This is based upon microwave indirect holographic approach, central to which is the use of a synthetic reference beam. This approach has benefits in terms of simplicity and expense. Experimental results using a simple breast phantom are included to demonstrate the potential of this approach

The emergent middle classes in Timor-Leste and Melanesia: conceptual issues and developmental significance

The concept of an emerging middle class provides a useful entry point for understanding significant developmental and political transformations in Timor-Leste and Melanesia and is important for informing development policies. Overview The emergence of a middle class has been identified as an important factor driving economic and political transitions in Asia and Africa. Class has been ‘happening’ in the broader Pacific region for some time, as Gewertz and Errington observed of Papua New Guinea (PNG). Nevertheless, to date, little systematic policy attention has been given to questions of class. We believe that the concept of an emerging middle class provides a useful entry point for understanding significant developmental and political transformations in Timor-Leste and Melanesia and is important for informing development policies. However, in order to explore the potential consequences that an emergent middle class may have, it is necessary to first consider how such a class can be identified in the region. We have chosen to focus on Timor-Leste, PNG and Solomon Islands because these countries are undergoing comparable social and economic transitions, many of which correlate strongly with the emergence of a middle class. Such changes include rapid economic growth driven by resource booms in Timor-Leste and PNG, associated formalisation of regional economies, deepening urbanisation, increasing social integration with metropolitan powers through growing diaspora communities, changing consumption patterns, and the transformative impacts of social media following recent internet and mobile telephone penetration. This paper has three substantive sections. First, it considers contemporary discussions of class and development in Asia and other developing regions. Second, the paper develops a multidimensional framework for identifying an emergent middle class, drawing on a range of economic, political and social criteria. Finally, the paper uses these criteria to examine recent developments in each of three case study countries and then draws some conclusions on the developmental and political significance of an emergent middle class in the broader Pacific region with a view to establishing a longer term research agenda

Jack Mundey : the global responsibilities of labour

Abstract not available

The Uncertainty of Confidence

This is a free-verse poem about the estimation of population parameters in statistical models. The spacing of words is intended to reflect uncertainty

Krill Watching

This is a concrete, or visual, found poem about the scientific activity of observing krill in the deep sea. I discovered this concrete found poem in prose that Nicol (2019, p. 200) quoted from Ommanney (1938). Nicol, S 2019 ‘Oceans of krill’, in B Nogrady (ed) The best Australian science writing 2019, Sydney: NewSouth Publishing. Ommanney, FD 1938 South latitude, London: Longmans, Green & Co

A Villanelle on Widowerhood and Dementia

\u27A Villanelle on Widowerhood and Dementia\u27 was written in order to convey permanent loss, in terms of both a loved one and memory. It addresses the topic of bereavement in people with predementia and dementia. The villanelle form was used because it repeats key lines across multiple stanzas, thus providing a way to capture one’s attempt to hold onto a treasured past

Natural Philosophy

In this poem, I reflect on the close connection between life science and the arts from the perspective of a student undertaking liberal studies